Incidencia y comportamiento clínico de la endoftalmitis poscirugía de catarata / Incidence and clinical behavior of endophthalmitis post cataract surgery

Introducción: La endoftalmitis posquirúrgica es la complicación más temida de la cirugía de catarata. Resulta potencialmente devastadora, puede amenazar seriamente la visión y tiene una incidencia estimada de entre 0,02 y 0,71 por ciento. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de endoftalmitis poscirugía de catarata y su comportamiento clínico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se revisaron 13 850 cirugías consecutivas de catarata realizadas en el Centro Oftalmológico del Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico "Arnaldo Milián Castro" de Villa Clara, Cuba. Resultados: La incidencia de endoftalmitis poscirugía de catarata en esta serie fue de 0,17 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento: 0,10-0,24 por ciento); 0,18 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento 0,11-0,25 por ciento) para extracción extracapsular del cristalino y sin incidencia en la facoemulsificación. La forma de presentación aguda fue más frecuente que la crónica; 0,13 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento: 0,07-0,19 por ciento) y 0,04 por ciento (IC 95 por ciento: 0,01-0,07 por ciento), respectivamente. Los hombres fueron más afectados que las mujeres y la edad media fue de 71,8 años. La forma aguda se presentó con una media de 5,1 días entre la cirugía y el inicio de los síntomas y la crónica con una media de 21,2 semanas. El 39,1 por ciento de los pacientes tuvo agudeza visual de percepción luminosa al momento del diagnóstico. Se reportó un crecimiento bacteriano en el 44,7 por ciento de las muestras, con una positividad en humor acuoso y vítreo del 42,1 por ciento y 47,4 por ciento, respectivamente. El Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo fue el germen más frecuente. Los antibióticos intravítreos más vitrectomía plana precoz fue la conducta terapéutica más empleada. Conclusiones: La incidencia de endoftalmitis poscirugía de catarata en esta serie está en el rango de lo reportado a nivel mundial. Se presenta comúnmente de forma aguda y con pobre agudeza visual. El agente etiológico aislado con más frecuencia fue el Staphylococcus coagulasa negativa(AU)

Introduction: Postoperative endophthalmitis is the most feared complication of cataract surgery. It is potentially devastating, can seriously threaten vision and has an estimated incidence of between 0.02 and 0.71 percent. Objective: To determine the incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery and its clinical behavior. Methods: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed. Thirteen 850 consecutive cataract surgeries performed at the Ophthalmologic Center of the Clinical Surgical University Hospital "Arnaldo Milián Castro" of Villa Clara were reviewed. Results: The incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in this series was 0.17 percent (95 percent CI: 0.10-0.24 percent); 0.18 percent (95 percent CI: 0.11-0.25 percent) for extracapsular extraction of the crystalline lens and no incidence in phacoemulsification. The acute form of presentation was more frequent than the chronic form; 0.13 percent (95 percent CI: 0.07-0.19 percent) and 0.04 percent (95 percent CI: 0.01-0.07 percent), respectively. Males were more affected than females and the mean age was 71.8 years. The acute form occurred with a mean of 5.1 days between surgery and symptom onset and the chronic form with a mean of 21.2 weeks. Thirty-nine.1 percent of patients had visual acuity of light perception at the time of diagnosis. Bacterial growth was reported in 44.7 percent of the specimens, with positivity in aqueous and vitreous humor of 42.1 percent and 47.4 percent, respectively. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most frequent germ. Intravitreal antibiotics plus remission for early flat vitrectomy was the most commonly employed therapeutic behavior. Conclusions: The incidence of post cataract surgery endophthalmitis in this series is in the range of that reported worldwide. It commonly presents acutely and with poor visual acuity. The most frequently isolated etiologic agent was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(AU)

Incidencia de infecciones relacionadas a la bula de filtración en pacientes con trabeculectomía / Incidence of Filtration Bullae-related Infections in Trabeculectomy Patients

Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de infecciones relacionadas a la bula de filtración en pacientes sometidos a trabeculectomía; así como su comportamiento clínico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo longitudinal y retrospectivo. El universo estuvo comprendido por 1320 ojos con trabeculectomía y muestra conformada por 7 ojos con diagnóstico de infección relacionada a la bula de filtración operados en el Centro Oftalmológico de Villa Clara desde enero del 2012 hasta diciembre del 2021. Resultados: La incidencia global de infección en la bula de filtración fue de 0,53 por ciento. La incidencia de blebitis y de blebitis-endoftalmitis fue 0,15 por ciento y 0,38 por ciento, respectivamente. Los hombres fueron los más afectados y la edad media fue de 64,7 años. En todos los casos, la infección se presentó de forma tardía con una media de 4,1 años. El 57,1 por ciento tuvo una agudeza visual mejor corregida al inicio de la infección de movimiento de manos. Se reportó crecimiento bacteriano en un 57,1 por ciento, el estafilococo coagulasa negativo fue el germen más frecuente. El control de la infección se logró en 6 pacientes mientras 2/3 de ellos no tuvo mejoría de la agudeza visual mejor corregida a la resolución de la infección, todos con blebitis-endoftalmitis. Conclusiones: Las infecciones relacionadas a la bula de filtración son poco comunes. Se presentan con frecuencia años después de la cirugía filtrante y con mala agudeza visual. Los ojos con blebitis-endoftalmitis tienen una pobre recuperación visual a pesar del tratamiento(AU)

Purpose: To determine the incidence of filtration bullae-related infections in patients undergoing trabeculectomy; as well as their clinical behavior. Methods: A longitudinal and retrospective descriptive study was performed. The universe was comprised of 1320 eyes with trabeculectomy and the sample consisted of 7 eyes with a diagnosis of infection related to the filtration bulla operated at the Villa Clara Ophthalmologic Center between January 2012 and December 2021. Results: The overall incidence of infection in the filtration bullae was 0.53 percent. The incidence of blebitis and blebitis-endophthalmitis was 0.15 percent and 0.38 percent, respectively. Males were the most affected and the average age was 64.7 years. In all cases, the infection presented late with a average age of 4.1 years. Fifty-seven point one percent had best corrected visual acuity at the onset of hand motion infection. Bacterial growth was reported in 57.1 percent, coagulase negative staphylococcus was the most frequent germ. Infection control was achieved in 6 patients while 2/3 of them had no improvement of best corrected visual acuity at resolution of infection, all with blebitis-endophthalmitis. Conclusions: Infections related to filtration bullae are uncommon. They occur frequently years after filtering surgery and with poor visual acuity. Eyes with blebitis-endophthalmitis have poor visual recovery despite treatment(AU)

Characterization and distribution of viridans group streptococci isolated from infectious endophthalmitis and keratitis / Caracterização e distribuição de estreptococos do grupo viridans isolados de endoftalmite infecciosa e ceratite

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aims of this study were to characterize alpha-hemolytic streptococci among isolates from cases of infectious endophthalmitis and keratitis and to determine their distributions. Methods: The sample included 27 and 35 nonduplicated isolates of alpha-hemolytic streptococci recovered from patients with infectious endophthalmitis (2002-2013) and keratitis (2008-2013), respectively. Isolates were identified by the optochin susceptibility and bile solubility tests, using a biochemical identification system. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the broth microdilution method. Molecular identification was performed by analyses of three constitutive genes and the complementary multilocus sequence. The molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae was investigated using multilocus sequence typing, and the presence of the capsular polysaccharide-encoding gene was assessed using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Outcomes were evaluated using the patients' medical records. Results: Phenotypic tests differentiated S. pneumoniae from other alpha-hemolytic streptococci, consistent with later molecular identifications. Streptococcus oralis was significantly prevalent among the endophthalmitis isolates, as was S. pneumoniae in the keratitis isolates. High levels of susceptibility to antibiotics were observed, including vancomycin, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones. High genetic variability was detected among the 19 S. pneumoniae strains, with 15 predicted to be encapsulated. The medical records of patients with infectious endophthalmitis were reviewed (n=15/27; 56%), and final visual acuity was assessed in 12 cases (44%). Many patients progressed to a final visual acuity state of "no light perception" (6/12; 50%), "light perception" (3/12; 25%), or "hand motion" (1/12; 8%). The medical records of patients with infectious keratitis were also reviewed (n=24/35; 69%), and final visual acuity was assessed in 18 cases (51%). Similarly, most patients progressed to a final visual acuity state of "no light perception" (6/18; 33%), "light perception" (1/18; 6%), or "hand motion" (6/18; 33%). Overall, the majority of patients progressed to a final visual acuity state of "no light perception" (12/30), "light perception" (4/30), or "hand motion" (7/30). Conclusions: The distribution of alpha-hemolytic streptococci in ocular infections suggested the presence of a species-specific tissue tropism. The prognoses of patients with ocular streptococcal infections were highly unfavorable, and antibiotic resistance did not contribute to the unfavorable clinical progressions and poor outcomes.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar os estreptococos alfa-hemolíticos isolados de endoftalmite infecciosa e ceratite e determinar sua distribuição. Métodos: A amostra incluiu 27 e 35 isolados não-duplicados de estreptococos alfa-hemolíticos recuperados de pacientes com endoftalmite infecciosa (2002-2013) e ceratite (2008-2013), respectivamente. Os isolados foram identificados pelos testes de suscetibilidade à optoquina e bile solubilidade, utilizando um sistema de identificação bioquímica. A concentração inibitória mínima foi determinada pelo método de microdiluição em caldo. A identificação molecular foi realizada pela análise de três genes constitutivos e análise complementar de sequências multilocus. A epidemiologia molecular do Streptococcus pneumoniae foi investigada por tipagem de sequência multilocus, e a presença do gene codificador do polissacarídeo capsular foi avaliada por reação em cadeia da polymerase convencional. Os resultados foram avaliados utilizando os prontuários médicos dos pacientes. Resultados: Os testes fenotípicos diferenciaram S. pneumoniae dos outros estreptococos alpha-hemolíticos, consistentes com identificações moleculares posteriores. S. oralis foi significativamente prevalente entre os isolados de endoftalmite, assim como S. pneumoniae nos isolados de ceratite. Foram observados altos níveis de suscetibilidade a antibióticos, incluindo vancomicina, cefalosporinas e fluoroquinolonas. Alta variabilidade genética foi detectada entre as 19 cepas de S. pneumoniae, com 15 previstas para serem encapsuladas. Os prontuários médicos dos pacientes com endoftalmite infecciosa foram revisados (n=15/27; 56%), e a acuidade visual final foi avaliada em 12 casos (44%). Muitos pacientes evoluiram para um estado final de acuidade visual de "sem percepção luminosa" (6/12; 50%), "percepção luminosa" (3/12; 25%) ou "movimentos de mãos" (1/12; 8%). Também foram revisados os prontuários médicos dos pacientes com ceratite infecciosa (n=24/35; 69%), e a acuidade visual final foi avaliada em 18 casos (51%). Da mesma foram, a maioria dos pacientes evoluiu para um estado final de acuidade visual de "sem percepção luminosa" (6/18; 33%), "percepção luminosa" (1/18; 6%) ou "movimentos de mãos" (6/18; 33%). No geral, a maioria dos pacientes evoluiu para um estado final de acuidade visual de "sem percepção luminosa" (12/30), "percepção luminosa" (4/30) ou "movimentos de mãos" (7/30). Conclusões: A distribuição de estreptococos alfa-hemolíticos nas infecções oculares sugeriu a presença de um tropismo de tecido específico da espécie. Os prognósticos dos pacientes com infeções oculares por estreptococos foram altamente desfavoráveis e a resistência a antibióticos contribuiu não para as progressões clínicas des­favoráveis e os maus resultados.

Endogenous endophthalmitis due to Kingella Kingae infectious endocarditis / Endoftalmite endógena por endocardite infecciosa devido a Kingella Kingae

Abstract This report presents a rare case of endogenous endophthalmitis due to Kingella kingae infectious endocarditis. Endogenous endophthalmitis is a rare condition that has a systemic underlying cause, with hematogenic dissemination of a pathogen that will eventually reach and infect the eye. In this article, we present a case of a 54-year-old woman with fever, chills and decreased visual acuity and pain in the right eye. The slit-lamp exam showed conjunctival injection, anterior chamber reaction with a great amount of fibrinous material obscuring her visual axis. Ultrasound echography revealed profuse exudates and scarce membranous formation in the posterior segment. Blood culture was positive for Kingella kingae, and the patient was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone, along with topic dexamethasone and mydriatic. After 15 days of intravenous antibiotic therapy, the patient exhibited best visual acuity of 20/60. Endogenous endophthalmitis is an ocular emergency that demands quick diagnosis and aggressive intervention in order to preserve vision. Therefore, it is important to recognize its signs and symptoms with no retard.

Resumo O presente relato apresenta um raro caso de endoftalmite endógena por endocardite devido à Kingella kingae. Endoftalmite endógena é uma doença pouco comum com uma causa sistêmica subjacente. A disseminação hematogênica de um microrganismo infeccioso leva à infecção ocular. Nesse artigo, apresentamos o caso de uma mulher com 54 anos, febre, calafrios, baixa da acuidade visual e dor em olho direito. Ao exame na lâmpada de fenda apresentava injeção conjuntival, reação de câmara anterior e acúmulo de fibrina no eixo visual. Ultrassonografia revelou exsudatos profusos e escassa formação membranosa em segmento posterior.A hemocultura foi positiva para Kingella kingae e a paciente foi tratada com ceftriaxone venoso conjuntamente com dexametasona e midriático tópicos. Após 15 dias de terapia antibiótica endovenosa, a paciente apresentou acuidade visual corrigida de 20/60. Endoftalmite endógena é uma emergência ocular que demanda rápido diagnóstico e intervenção agressiva para preservar a visão. Portanto, é importante o reconhecimento precoce dos sinais e sintomas.

Incidencia de la endoftalmitis posqueratoplastia en la población y los posibles factores de riesgo / Incidence of post-keratoplasty endophthalmitis in the population and possible risk factors

RESUMEN La endoftalmitis es considerada una forma grave de inflamación intraocular, generalmente de etiología infecciosa. Objetivo: Identificar la incidencia de la endoftalmitis posqueratoplastia en la población y los posibles factores de riesgo. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en el Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología "Ramón Pando Ferrer" del año 2010 al 2015. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, diagnóstico preoperatorio, procedimientos asociados a la queratoplastia, tiempo de inicio de los síntomas, gérmenes aislados en cultivos y alternativas terapéuticas realizadas. Resultados: Se realizaron 1 442 queratoplastias; 0,41 por ciento de los casos (6 casos, 6 ojos) presentaron endoftalmitis posqueratoplastia. La causa más frecuente de la queratoplastia en estos pacientes fue la queratopatía bulosa pseudofáquica y fáquica, y al 33,3 por ciento se le había realizado cirugía combinada de queratoplastia y catarata. El 66,7 por ciento de los pacientes con endoftalmitis posqueratoplastia tenía más de 60 años de edad y correspondió al sexo masculino. El 50,0 por ciento de los gérmenes aislados eran gram postivos. El 100,0 por ciento de los pacientes recibió intravítreas de antibióticos y solo al 33,3 por ciento de ellos se les realizó vitrectomía precoz. Conclusiones: Es indispensable una estrecha comunicación entre el banco de ojos, los microbiólogos y los oftalmólogos para contribuir a la identificación y a la eliminación de los factores de riesgo, así como a la temprana detección y a una acertada elección terapéutica que favorezca tanto a su prevención como al mejor resultado funcional visual en pacientes portadores de esta devastadora complicación(AU)

ABSTRACT Endophthalmitis is considered to be a severe form of intraocular inflammation of frequent infectious etiology. Objective: Identify the incidence of post-keratoplasty endophthalmitis in the population and its possible risk factors. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology in the period 2010-2015. The variables analyzed were age, sex, preoperative diagnosis, keratoplasty-related procedures, time of symptom onset, germs isolated in cultures and therapeutic alternatives implemented. Results: A total 1 442 keratoplasties were performed; 0.41 percent of the cases (6 cases, 6 eyes) presented post-keratoplasty endophthalmitis. The most common reason for keratoplasty among these patients was pseudophakic bullous and phakic keratopathy. 33.3 percent had undergone combined keratoplasty-cataract surgery. Of the patients with post-keratoplasty endophthalmitis, 66.7 percent were aged over 60 years and male. Of the germs isolated, 50.0 percent were gram-positive. 100.0 percent of the patients received intravitreal antibiotics, and only 33.3 percent of them underwent early vitrectomy. Conclusions: Close communication is indispensable between the eye bank, microbiologists and ophthalmologists to contribute to identification and elimination of risk factors, as well as early detection and appropriate therapeutic selection to facilitate prevention and obtain the best visual functional result in sufferers of this devastating complication(AU)

Endophthalmitis after cataract surgery: results from seven years of epidemiological surveillance / Endoftalmites após cirurgia de catarata: resultado de sete anos de vigilância epidemiológica

Abstract Purpose: This study aims to describe the incidence, clinical presentation, and evolution of endophthalmitis cases occurred at an ophthalmologic center in Brazil. Methods: This is a review of medical records of patients undergoing cataract surgery from 2008 to 2014. Clinical variables associated with the outcome of postoperative endophthalmitis were evaluated. Results: during the study period, 27,609 cataract surgeries were performed. It was identified 35 cases of endophthalmitis. The overall incidence of endophthalmitis was 0.13%, with an annual variation from 0.04% to 0.27%. The main signs and symptoms in patients with endophthalmitis were ocular pain and low visual acuity associated with conjunctival hyperemia and hypopyon. Gram-positive microorganisms were the most frequent etiological agents. All patients received an intra-vitreous injection of antibiotics as immediate treatment. The final visual acuity was equal to or worse than the ability to count the examiner's fingers in 57.1% of the patients. Evisceration or enucleation was required in 3 patients. Conclusion: The incidence of endophthalmitis and the majority of signs and symptoms found in this study were in agreement with literature in the field. Although the incidence rate is low, the loss of vision experienced by most patients with endophthalmitis after cataract surgery highlights the need for efforts to prevent infection and early diagnosis to avoid such complications.

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a incidência, a apresentação clínica e a evolução dos casos de endoftalmites ocorridos em um centro oftalmológico no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão de prontuários dos pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata no período de 2008 a 2014. Foram avaliadas as variáveis clínicas associadas ao desfecho de endoftalmite pós-operatória. Resultados: durante o período do estudo, foram realizadas 27.609 cirurgias de catarata. Foram identificados 35 casos de endoftalmite. A incidência global de endoftalmite foi de 0,13%, com variação anual de 0,04% a 0,27%. Os principais sinais e sintomas em pacientes com endoftalmite foram dor ocular e baixa acuidade visual associado à hiperemia conjuntival e hipópio. Os microrganismos gram-positivos foram os agentes etiológicos mais frequentes. Todos os pacientes receberam uma injeção intravítreo de antibióticos como tratamento imediato. A acuidade visual final foi igual ou pior que a capacidade de contar os dedos do examinador em 57,1% dos pacientes. Evisceração ou enucleação foi necessário em 3 pacientes. Conclusão: A incidência de endoftalmite e a maioria dos sinais e sintomas encontrados neste estudo estão de acordo com os reportados na literatura. Embora a taxa de incidência seja baixa, a perda de visão experimentada pela maioria dos pacientes com endoftalmite após a cirurgia de catarata destaca a necessidade de esforços para medidas de prevenção de infecção e diagnóstico precoce para evitar tais complicações.

Contaminación bacteriana de cámara anterior durante la cirugía de catarata / Anterior chamber bacterial contamination during cataract surgery

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar la existencia de contaminación bacteriana en cámara anterior durante la cirugía de catarata. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal de serie de casos, en el cual participaron los pacientes sometidos a cirugía de catarata en el Servicio de Microcirugía Ocular del Instituto Cubano de Oftalmología Ramón Pando Ferrer, en el período comprendido de enero del año 2015 a diciembre 2016. Se relacionaron los antecedentes patológicos personales oculares y sistémicos, los factores de riesgo asociados y las complicaciones transoperatorias con la presencia de bacterias en la cámara anterior al final de la cirugía. Los pacientes fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente en el salón de cirugía. La muestra quedó constituida por 200 pacientes y divididos en tres grupos dependiendo de la experiencia de los cirujanos. Resultados: Al inicio del proceder quirúrgico, el 100 por ciento de los cultivos fueron negativos, mientras que al final de la cirugía se detectó crecimiento bacteriano en el 3 por ciento. Los gérmenes Gram positivos fueron los de mayor frecuencia (66,6 por ciento) donde el Staphylococcus epidermidis se aisló en un 50 por ciento de los casos. No existió relación significativa entre antecedentes patológicos personales oculares, sistémicos y los factores de riesgo asociados. La ruptura de la cápsula posterior fue la complicación transoperatoria más frecuente y al 4,7 por ciento se le detectó crecimiento bacteriano. Conclusión: Se detecta una baja frecuencia de contaminación de la cámara anterior al final de la cirugía de catarata y los gérmenes comúnmente encontrados están relacionados con la microbiota de la superficie ocular(AU)

ABSTRACT Objective: Determine the presence of anterior chamber bacterial contamination during cataract surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional case-series study was conducted of patients undergoing cataract surgery at the Ocular Microsurgery Service of Ramón Pando Ferrer Cuban Institute of Ophthalmology from January 2015 to December 2016. Personal ocular and systemic pathological antecedents, associated risk factors and perioperative complications, were related to the presence of anterior chamber bacterial contamination at the end of surgery. Patients were randomly selected in the operating room. The sample was composed of 200 patients, who were divided into three groups according to the surgeons' experience. Results: At the start of the surgical procedure, 100 percent of the cultures were negative, whereas at the end 3 percent bacterial growth was detected. Gram-positive germs were the most common (66.6 percent), with Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated in 50 percent of the cases. No significant relationship was found between personal ocular or systemic pathological antecedents and associated risk factors. Posterior capsule rupture was the most frequent intraoperative complication, with 4.7 percent bacterial growth detected. Conclusion: Low frequency of anterior chamber contamination was detected at the end of cataract surgery, and the germs commonly found are related to the ocular surface microbiota(AU)

Trauma ocular a globo abierto asociado a cuerpo extraño intraocular vegetal / Ocular trauma to an open eyeball associated with a vegetable intraocular foreign body

Introducción: El trauma ocular es una causa importante de morbilidad oftalmológica en el mundo, con implicaciones socio-económicas importantes para el paciente y sus familiares, pues ocurre generalmente en adultos jóvenes, con una buena agudeza visual al inicio del evento traumático y que se verá comprometida según la severidad del trauma, las estructuras oculares que afecte y las complicaciones que puedan aparecer; de ahí que la pérdida de la visión sea una de las minusvalías más temidas. Presentación del caso: Paciente con alteraciones anatómicas y funcionales producidas por un trauma ocular a globo abierto penetrante zona 3, y presencia de cuerpo extraño intraocular vegetal, donde se logró un diagnóstico precoz y conducta quirúrgica oportuna obteniendo resultados visuales excelentes. Conclusiones: El trauma ocular a globo abierto penetrante zona III con cuerpo extraño intraocular vegetal, a pesar de su difícil manejo, permite alcanzar buenos resultados visuales. Esto depende del diagnóstico precoz, y una conducta pertinente basándose en criterios actuales del BETT Y del OTS(AU)

Introduction: Ocular trauma is a fundamental cause for ophthalmological morbidity worldwide, with important socio-economic implications for the patient and their relatives, since it usually occurs in young adults, with good visual acuity at the beginning of the traumatic event and which will be seen compromised based on trauma seriousness, the affected ocular structures and the complications that may appear; hence, vision loss is one of the most feared handicaps. Case presentation: Patient with anatomical and functional alterations produced by an ocular trauma in open penetrating globe zone III, and the presence of a vegetal intraocular foreign body, where an early diagnosis and timely surgical behavior were achieved, obtaining excellent visual results. Conclusions: Ocular trauma in open penetrating globe zone III with vegetal intraocular foreign body, in spite of its difficult management, allows to achieve good visual results. Based on current criteria, this depends on early diagnosis and relevant behavior based on current criteria(AU)

The reasons for evisceration after penetrating keratoplasty between 1995 and 2015 / As causas de evisceração após ceratoplastia penetrante entre 1995 e 2015

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the indications and frequency of evisceration after penetrating keratoplasty (PK). Methods: The medical records of all patients who underwent evisceration after PK between January 1, 1995 and December 31, 2015 at Ankara Training and Research Hospital were reviewed. Patient demographics and the surgical indications for PK, diagnosis for evisceration, frequency of evisceration, and the length of time between PK and evisceration were recorded. Results: The frequency of evisceration was 0.95% (16 of 1684), and the mean age of the patients who underwent evisceration was 56.31 ± 14.82 years. The most common indication for PK that resulted in evisceration was keratoconus (37.5%), and the most common underlying cause leading to evisceration was endophthalmitis (56.25%). The interval between PK and evisceration ranged from 9 to 78 months. Conclusions: Although keratoplasty is one of the most successful types of surgery among tissue transplantations, our findings show that it is associated with a possible risk of evisceration.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as indicações e a frequência de evisceração ocular após cirurgia de ceratoplastia penetrante ou transplante de córnea (PK). Métodos: Foram analisados os registros médicos de todos os pacientes submetidos à evisceração após PK entre 1º de janeiro de 1995 e 31 de dezembro de 2015 no Hospital de Treinamento e Pesquisa de Ankara. Foram registradas a demografia do paciente e as indicações cirúrgicas de PK, diagnóstico de evisceração, frequência de evisceração, tempo entre PK e evisceração. Resultados: A frequência de evisceração foi de 0,95% (16 de 1684) e a média de idade foi de 56,31 ± 14,82 anos. A indicação mais comum para PK que terminou na evis ceração foi o ceratocone (37,5%) e a causa subjacente à evisceração foi a endoftalmite (56,25%). O intervalo entre PK e evisceração variou de 9 a 78 meses. Conclusão: Embora a ceratoplastia seja uma das cirurgias mais bem sucedidas entre os transplantes de tecidos, pode-se deduzir do estudo que não é tão inócua, pois pode evoluir para a evisceração ocular.

Factores predictivos relacionados con la aparición y el pronóstico visual de la endoftalmitis traumática / Predictive factors related to the occurrence and visual prognosis of traumatic endophthalmitis

Objetivo: determinar los factores predictivos relacionados con la aparición y el pronóstico visual de la endoftalmitis traumática. Métodos: se realizó un estudio longitudinal de serie de casos durante dos años, en 191 pacientes con trauma ocular a globo abierto severo. Se realizó interrogatorio, examen físico oftalmológico completo, refracción dinámica y en caso necesario ultrasonido ocular, radiografía y/o tomografía axial computarizada. Resultados: la prevalencia de endoftalmitis traumática se presentó en el 12,04 por ciento de los pacientes. La media de la edad fue 40,87 ± 14,25 con rango de 16-70 años, con predominio del sexo masculino (95,65 por ciento) y ojo derecho (69,57 por ciento). El análisis univariado de factores de riesgo de endoftalmitis traumática mostró significación estadística para ambiente (p= 0,052), presencia de cuerpo extraño intraocular (p= 0,069), disrupción cristalineana (p< 0,0001), tamaño de la herida (p< 0,0001)y reparación primaria de la herida (p< 0,0001). En el 26 por ciento de los pacientes con heridas autosellantes se decidió suturar, y todos los que tenían heridas autosellantes y desarrollaron endoftalmitis se encontraban dentro de las no suturadas. En el análisis univariado de factores de riesgo para el pronóstico visual de endoftalmitis traumática resultaron estadísticamente significativos: desprendimiento de retina (p=0,059), tamaño de la herida (p= 0,058) y uso de antibiótico sistémico (p= 0,004). Conclusiones: en el enfrentamiento del paciente con trauma ocular a globo abierto es esencial la profilaxis de endoftalmitis traumática, con seguimiento estricto del paciente. Puede ser aconsejable antibiótico sistémico, y constituye pilar importante la individualización mediante identificación de factores de riesgo que justifica la administración de antibiótico intravitreo(AU)

Objective: to determine predictive factors related with the occurrence and the visual prognosis of traumatic endophthalmitis. Methods: longitudinal case series study of 191 patients with severe open globe trauma conducted in two years. The patients answered a questionnaire, underwent complete physical ophthalmological exam and dynamic refraction, and if necessary, ocular ultrasound, x-and/or computed tomography scanning were applied. Results: prevalence of traumatic endophthalmitis was 12,04 percent. Mean age was 40,87 ± 14,25 (range of 16-70 year years). Males (95,65 percent) and the right eye (69,57 percent) predominated. The risk factor analysis related with traumatic endophthalmitis showed statistical significance for environment (p= 0,052), presence of intraocular foreign body (p= 0,069), rupture of the lens (p< 0,0001), wound size (p< 0,0001) and primary wound repair (p< 0,0001). Twenty six percent of patients with spontaneous closing wounds were sutured. All the patients with spontaneous closing wounds, who developed endophthalmitis, were in the non-sutured group. Retinal detachment (p= 0,059), wound size (p= 0,058) and systemic antibiotic use (p= 0,004) were statistically significant factors for the visual prognosis. Conclusions: in the management of patients with ocular open globe trauma, it is essential to prevent traumatic endophthalmitis, with strict follow-up of the patient. It may be advisable to administer systemic antibiotic, and another important pillar will be the individualization of treatment through identifying the risk factors supporting the administration of an intravitreal antibiotic(AU)

Prevalência de endoftalmite em um hospital universitário / Endophthalmitis prevalence in an university hospital

Objetivo Estudo da prevalência de endoftalmite em um hospital universitário, avaliando características epidemiológicas, tempo de sintomas, tratamento realizado e evolução clínica. Métodos Avaliação retrospectiva dos prontuários de pacientes com diagnóstico de endoftalmite, no período de janeiro de 2009 a junho de 2011, quanto às características epidemiológicas do paciente, causa da endoftalmite, tempo de início dos sintomas, tratamento prévio, tempo de internação, tratamento realizado, resultados de culturas, evolução clínica e acuidade visual final. Resultados Sessenta e oito pacientes, sendo 44 mulheres e 24 homens, com idade média de 56,99 anos, foram avaliados. A maioria foi referenciada de outro serviço (27,94%), já tinha sido submetida a algum tratamento clínico e/ou cirúrgico (45,59%) e possuía alguma comorbidade (60,29%) que decorreu de trauma (35,29%) ou pós-cirurgia (22,06%). O tempo médio de início dos sintomas foi de 5,76 dias e o de internação de 12,40 dias. A acuidade visual inicial e a final foram para ambas igual ou pior que percepção luminosa em 64,71% dos casos. A maior parte dos pacientes (58,82%) foi submetida apenas a tratamento clínico e, em 69,12% dos casos, a cultura foi negativa ou não foi realizada. Conclusão A endoftalmite é uma das complicações mais graves e de pior resultado funcional entre as afecções oftalmológicas. Seu diagnóstico rápido e correto é fundamental para um tratamento adequado e precoce, a fim de melhorar o prognóstico visual do paciente, garantindo sua qualidade de vida e posterior inserção socioeconômica...

Purpose To study endophthalmitis prevalence in an university hospital, assessing its epidemiological characteristics, symptoms onset, treatment and clinical outcome. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients diagnosed with endophthalmitis, from january 2009 to june 2011, identifying patient epidemiological characteristics, endophthalmitis cause, onset of symptoms time, previous treatment, hospital stay, treatment, culture results, clinical outcome and final visual acuity. Results Sixty-eight patients, 44 women and 24 men, with a mean age of 56,99 years, were evaluated. Most were referred from other services (27,94%), had already undergone to any medical treatment and/or surgery (45,59%), presented some comorbidity (60,29%) and resulted from trauma (35,29%) or post-surgery (22,06%). The average duration of onset of symptoms was 5,76 days and of hospitalization was 12,40 days. Initial and final visual acuity were both equal to or worse than light perception in 64,71% of cases. Most of patients (58,82%) undergone to clinical treatment only and 69,12% of cases presented no results in culture. Conclusion Endophthalmitis is one of the most serious and worst functional outcome between ophthalmologic disorders. Its rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate and early treatment, in order to improve patient visual prognosis, ensuring better quality of life and socioeconomic reintegration...

Sensibilidad antibiótica de bacterias obtenidas de queratitis e infecciones intraoculares en la Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia / Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated from keratitis and intraocular infections at Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), Floridablanca, Colombia

Introducción. La resistencia bacteriana es crítica para la selección de los antibióticos en el tratamiento de las infecciones, por ello es vital conocer su estado actual en nuestro medio. Objetivo. Determinar la sensibilidad antibiótica bacteriana in vitro obtenida de los cultivos de queratitis e infecciones intraoculares. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo en la Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL), entre junio de 2011 y enero de 2012. Resultados. Se examinaron 92 muestras. Se identificaron 110 bacterias, 27 hongos y 12 amebas de vida libre. Del total de bacterias Gram positivas, 1,1 %, 0 %, 1,1 %, 16,9 %, 29,3 % y 85 % fue resistente a imipenem, moxifloxacina, gatifloxacina, levofloxacina, ciprofloxacina y tobramicina, respectivamente, mientras que la resistencia a estos mismos fármacos se presentó, respectivamente, en 0 %, 8,3 %, 0 %, 0 %, 18,2 % y 27,3 % de las bacterias Gram negativas. Los porcentajes de resistencia de los estafilococos positivos para coagulasa resistentes a la meticilina fueron 0 %, 0 %, 0 %, 7 %, 17 % y 100 %, respectivamente, y los porcentajes de los estafilococos negativos para coagulasa resistentes a la meticilina fueron 3 %, 0 %, 0 %, 24 %, 44 % y 100 %, respectivamente. Los porcentajes de resistencia bacteriana globales (tanto para bacterias Gram positivas como para Gram negativas) a imipenem, moxifloxacina, gatifloxacina, levofloxacina, ciprofloxacina y tobramicina fueron 1 %, 1 %, 1 %, 15,1 %, 28 % y 64,5 %, respectivamente. Conclusiones. Los niveles de resistencia bacteriana para imipenem, moxifloxacina y gatifloxacina fueron menores que para levofloxacina, ciprofloxacina y tobramicina. Los niveles de resistencia para la tobramicina fueron muy altos, lo que pone en duda su utilidad clínica en las infecciones oculares en nuestro medio.

Introduction: Bacterial resistance is critical for the selection of antibiotics in the treatment of infections, so it is vital to know its current status in our geographical area. Objective: To determine in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates obtained from keratitis and intraocular infections. Materials and methods: A retrospective study of microbiological tests in Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander (FOSCAL) was carried out between June, 2011, and January, 2012. Results: A total of 92 samples were examined and 110 bacteria, 27 fungi and 12 free-living amoebae were identified. Polymicrobial infections constituted 50% of the total; 1.1%, 0%, 1.1%, 16.9%, 29.3% and 85% of Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively, while 0%, 8.3%, 0%, 0%, 18.2% and 27.3% of Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, respectively. For methicillin-resistant coagulase-positive staphylococci, resistance percentages to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were 0%, 0%, 0%, 7%, 17% and 100%, respectively. For methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, resistance percentages to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin were 3%, 0%, 0%, 24%, 44% and 100%, respectively. Overall bacterial resistance to imipenem, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin, for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, was 1%, 1%, 1%, 15.1%, 28% and 64.5%, respectively. Conclusions: The levels of bacterial resistance to imipenem, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were lower than for levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and tobramycin. The levels of resistance to tobramycin were very high, which calls into question its usefulness in this region of our country.

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in ocular infections / Prevalência e suscetibilidade antibiótica de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina em infecções oculares

PURPOSE: To study the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among S. aureus ocular infections in a tertiary health center in Brazil and compare antibiotic susceptibility patterns between MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus isolates. METHODS: Electronic records from the ocular microbiology laboratory of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo were retrospectively reviewed. During a 10-year period (between January 2000 and December 2009) all conjunctivitis, keratitis, and endophthalmitis cases with a positive culture for S. aureus were identified. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. RESULTS: Five hundred sixty-six S. aureus isolates were identified; of those, 56 (9.9%) were resistant to methicillin. Throughout the 10-year period, Staphylococcus aureus showed a significant increasing trend from 7.55% to 16.18% among overall S. aurues infections (p=0.001) and from 3.7% to 13.16% in conjunctivitis (p=0.001). Conversely, we did not observe the same trend among those with keratitis (p=0.38). Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed higher resistance rates to tobramycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, and moxifloxacin when compared with S. aureus isolates (p< 0.001). All cases were susceptible to vancomycin. CONCLUSION: We observed an increasing trend in the overall prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus ocular infections and statistically significant higher resistance rates to commonly used antibiotics compared to Staphylococcus aureus. Our data supports the need for constant bacterial surveillance and should be taken into consideration before initiating empiric treatment of ocular infections.

OBJETIVO: Estudar a prevalência do Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina nas infecções oculares causadas por S. aureus em um centro de saúde terciário no Brasil e comparar o perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana entre as cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina e S. aureus susceptível à meticilina MÉTODOS: Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva dos arquivos do laboratório de microbiologia ocular da Universidade Federal de São Paulo e selecionados todos os casos de conjuntivite, ceratite e endoftalmite com cultivo positivo para S. aureus, durante um período de 10 anos (entre janeiro de 2000 e dezembro de 2009). Foi avaliada a prevalência de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina e comparado o perfil de susceptibilidade antimicrobiano dos Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina e S. aureus susceptível à meticilina. RESULTADOS: Quinhentos e sessenta e seis isolados de S. aureus foram identificados. Desses, 56 (9,9%) apresentaram resistência à meticilina. Durante o período de 10 anos estudado, Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina mostrou uma tendência significante de aumento de 7,6% para 16,2% entre as infecções oculares causadas por S. aureus em geral (p=0,001) e de 3,7% para 13,2% nas conjuntivites (p=0,001). A mesma tendência não foi observada entre as amostras de ceratite (p=0,38). Os isolados de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina mostraram maiores taxas de resistência à tobramicina, gentamicina, ciprofloxacino, gatifloxacino e moxifloxacino em comparação com os isolados de S. aureus susceptível à meticilina (p<0,001). Todos os casos foram susceptíveis à vancomicina. CONCLUSÃO:Foi observada uma tendência de aumento na prevalência do Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina nas infecções oculares causadas por S. aureus, bem como taxas de resistência significantemente maiores aos antibióticos comumente utilizados na prática oftalmológica. Nossos dados alertam para a necessidade de constante vigilância de resistência bacteriana a antimicrobianos e devem ser considerados na eleição do tratamento empírico das infecções oculares.

An outbreak of forty five cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa acute endophthalmitis after phacoemulsification / Surto de quarenta e cinco casos de endoftalmite aguda por Pseudomonas aeruginosa após facoemulsificação

PURPOSE: To describe an outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endophthalmitis post cataract surgery. Clinical findings, treatment and outcome are discussed. METHODS: Clinical charts review of forty-five patients treated for endophthalmitis in a two-day period. The patients underwent primary vitrectomy, anterior chamber irrigation and intravitreous antibiotic injection. Cultures from vitreous and anterior chamber samples were performed in all patients. RESULTS: Forty-five patients (twenty-three men and twenty-two women) were identified. The average age was 71.2 years (range, 56-83 years). The right eye (62%) was affected more often than the left eye (38%). The median interval between surgery and endophthalmitis onset was 5.5 days (range, 5-6 days). The visual acuity at the diagnosis was better than 20/40 in one patient (2%), from 20/40 to 20/200 in one patient (2%), from 20/400 to counting fingers in two patients (4%), hand movements in eleven patients (24%), and light perception in thirty patients (68%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the isolated agent in twenty-six vitreous samples and in three anterior chamber samples. Overall, one patient (2%) achieved a final visual acuity better than 20/40; eight patients (18%) achieved a final visual acuity from 20/40 to 20/200; six patients (13%) achieved a final visual acuity from 20/400 to counting fingers; eleven patients (25%) achieved a final acuity of hand movements; thirteen patients (29%) achieved a final acuity of light perception and six (13%) patients had no light perception at the last examination. None of these eyes underwent evisceration or enucleation in a three-month follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Even with all the safety that cataract surgery has achieved, today, endophthalmitis remains a risk and a fearful complication of this procedure. In the present study, it was impossible to identify the source of the outbreak.

OBJETIVO: Descrever surto de endoftalmite por Pseudomonas aeruginosa após facectomia. Os achados clínicos, o tratamento e o resultado são discutidos. MÉTODOS: Revisão dos prontuários de quarenta e cinco pacientes tratados para endoftalmite em um período de dois dias. Todos os pacientes foram tratados por vitrectomia primária, irrigação da câmara anterior e injeção vítrea de antibióticos. Culturas do vítreo e de amostras de câmara anterior foram realizadas em todos os pacientes. RESULTADOS: Quarenta e cinco pacientes (23 homens e 22 mulheres) foram identificados. A idade média foi 71,2 anos (variação, 56-83 anos). O olho direito (62%) foi mais afetado do que o esquerdo (38%). O intervalo médio entre a cirurgia e a apresentação da endoftalmite foi de 5,5 dias (intervalo de 5-6 dias). A acuidade visual no momento do diagnóstico foi melhor que 20/40 em um paciente (2%), de 20/40 a 20/200 em um paciente (2%), de 20/400 para contar dedos em dois pacientes (4%), movimento de mão em onze pacientes (24%), percepção de luz em trinta pacientes (68%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa foi o agente isolado em 26 amostras de vítreo e em três amostras da câmara anterior. No geral, um paciente (2%) obteve acuidade visual final melhor que 20/40, oito pacientes (18%) obtiveram acuidade visual final de 20/40 a 20/200, seis pacientes (13%) obtiveram acuidade visual final de 20/400 para contar os dedos; onze pacientes (25%) obtiveram acuidade visual final de movimento de mão; treze pacientes (29%) obtiveram acuidade visual final de percepção de luz e seis (13%) pacientes não havia percepção luminosa no último exame. Nenhum olho foi submetido à evisceração ou enucleação em três meses de acompanhamento. CONCLUSÃO: Mesmo com toda a segurança da cirurgia de catarata nos dias atuais, endoftalmite permanece um risco e uma complicação temível deste procedimento. No presente estudo não foi possível identificar a fonte do surto.

Retrospective analysis of cases of acute endophthalmitis after surgery

To find out the prevalence and visual outcome of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Retrospective. 1[st] January 2001 to 31st December 2009. Wah Medical College, P.O.F. Hospital Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi. Fifty cases of acute endophthalmitis who had undergone treatment. Each case of acute endophthalmitis was evaluated in terms of presentation, detailed examination, treatment and outcome. Microbiological culture of the vitreous aspirates was also done to identify the causative organism. The analysis was also meant to identify the prognostic factors of visual outcome of these cases. Fifty patients presented with acute endophthalmitis out of the fifteen thousand cataract surgeries performed during the 9 year period. The incidence of endophthalmitis was 0.33% [95% CI]. A vitreous biopsy with intravitreal injection of antibiotics was done in all the cases presenting with acute endophthalmitis. Decreased visual acuity [90%] and pain [75%] were the main presenting features in these cases. There were 36 [72%] culture positive cases, with staphylococci [50%] being the most common organism found. Vitreous biopsy yielded positive results in 36 [72%] patients while negative results with no microbial growth was found in 14[28%] patients. There were 20 [40%] growths of coagulase negative staphylococci, 5 [10%] growths of streptococci, 8 [16%] growths of coagulase positive staphylococci, and 3 [6%] of gram negative organisms. The final visual outcome was recorded after one month. 8 [16%] patients achieved 6/12 or better, 26 [52%] patients achieved moderately good visual acuity 6/60 to 6/12, while 16 [32%] patients achieved poor visual acuity of less than 6/60. Of the latter group who had poor visual acuity, 2 [4%] patients had only perception of light while 1 [2%] patient had no perception of light and 1 [2%] patient had blind and painful eye who had to undergo evisceration. 6 [16%] patients achieved 6/12 or better visual acuity. The incidence of endophthalmitis is consistent with other studies. Laboratory diagnosis of the vitreous aspirates helps in the treatment. Achieving a good visual outcome is possible with treatment of the cases of acute endophthalmitis

Incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery (2002-2008) at a Brazilian university-hospital / Incidência de endoftalmite após cirurgia de catarata (2002-2008) num hospital universitário brasileiro

Purpose: To report on the incidence, diagnostic technique, and microbiological features of endophthalmitis at a university-setting in Brazil. Methods: All cases of presumed postoperative endophthalmitis from 2002 to 2008 at a teaching-hospital were included. Main data assessed were: number of cataract surgeries performed, incidence of endophthalmitis, microbiological outcome (aqueous and/or vitreous culture and Gram staining), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the positive cases. Results: Seventy-three eyes of 73 patients (43 females and 30 males) developed endophthalmitis after 24,590 cataract surgeries. The incidence decreased from 0.49 percent in 2003 to 0.17 percent in 2006 and stabilized afterwards. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS) and Streptococcus viridans (56.5 percent and 15 percent, respectively) were the most common bacterial isolates. Culture and Gram stain were negative in 36.9 percent. CoNS presented susceptibility rates of 80 percent-sensitivity to oxacillin, 90 percent to fourth-generation quinolones and 100 percent to vancomycin. Conclusions: The rate of endophthalmitis, diagnostic ability of conventional laboratory investigation, microbial isolates and antibiotic susceptibility are in accordance with other findings of the literature. Despite using prophylactic antibiotic drops, it was possible to identify cases that were susceptible to the antibiotics topically applied.

Objetivo: Relatar incidência, técnica diagnóstica e características microbiológicas de endoftalmite numa instituição universitária no Brasil. Métodos: Todos os casos de endoftalmite pós-operatória presumida de 2002 a 2008 foram incluídos. Os principais dados avaliados foram: número de cirurgias de catarata realizadas, incidência de endoftalmite, resultado microbiológico (bacterioscopia e cultura de aquoso e vítreo) e teste de sensibilidade antibiótica dos casos positivos. Resultados: Setenta e três olhos de 73 pacientes (43 do sexo feminino e 30 do masculino) desenvolveram endoftalmite após 24.590 cirurgias de catarata. A incidência reduziu de 0,49 por cento em 2003 para 0,17 por cento em 2006 e estabilizou-se depois disso. Staphylococcus coagulase-negativa (SCoN) e Streptococcus viridans (56.5 por cento e 15 por cento, respectivamente) foram os isolados bacterianos mais comuns. Cultura e bacterioscopia foram negativas em 36,9 por cento. SCoN apresentou taxas de sensibilidade de 80 por cento à oxacilina, 90 por cento às quinolonas de quarta geração e 100 por cento à vancomicina. Conclusões: A taxa de endoftalmite, a capacidade diagnóstica das técnicas laboratoriais convencionais, os microrganismos isolados e a sensibilidade aos antibióticos estão em acordo com outros achados na literatura. Apesar do uso profilático de colírio antibiótico, foi possível identificar casos de infecção em que as bactérias eram sensíveis aos antibióticos usados topicamente.